/** * Returns an instance of a proxy class for the specified interfaces * that dispatches method invocations to the specified invocation * handler. * * <p>{@code Proxy.newProxyInstance} throws * {@code IllegalArgumentException} for the same reasons that * {@code Proxy.getProxyClass} does. * * @param loader the class loader to define the proxy class * @param interfaces the list of interfaces for the proxy class * to implement * @param h the invocation handler to dispatch method invocations to * @return a proxy instance with the specified invocation handler of a * proxy class that is defined by the specified class loader * and that implements the specified interfaces * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of the restrictions on the * parameters that may be passed to {@code getProxyClass} * are violated * @throws SecurityException if a security manager, <em>s</em>, is present * and any of the following conditions is met: * <ul> * <li> the given {@code loader} is {@code null} and * the caller's class loader is not {@code null} and the * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission * s.checkPermission} with * {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission * denies access;</li> * <li> for each proxy interface, {@code intf}, * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an * ancestor of the class loader for {@code intf} and * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to {@code intf};</li> * <li> any of the given proxy interfaces is non-public and the * caller class is not in the same {@linkplain Package runtime package} * as the non-public interface and the invocation of * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission s.checkPermission} with * {@code ReflectPermission("newProxyInPackage.{package name}")} * permission denies access.</li> * </ul> * @throws NullPointerException if the {@code interfaces} array * argument or any of its elements are {@code null}, or * if the invocation handler, {@code h}, is * {@code null} */ @CallerSensitive public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h) throws IllegalArgumentException { //检查h 不为空,否则抛异常 Objects.requireNonNull(h); final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone(); final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); if (sm != null) { checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs); } /* * 获得与指定类装载器和一组接口相关的代理类类型对象 */ Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs); /* * 通过反射获取构造函数对象并生成代理类实例 */ try { if (sm != null) { checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl); } //获取代理对象的构造方法(也就是$Proxy0(InvocationHandler h)) final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams); final InvocationHandler ih = h; if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) { AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() { public Void run() { cons.setAccessible(true); return null; } }); } //生成代理类的实例并把InvocationHandlerImpl的实例传给它的构造方法 return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h}); } catch (IllegalAccessException|InstantiationException e) { throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { Throwable t = e.getCause(); if (t instanceof RuntimeException) { throw (RuntimeException) t; } else { throw new InternalError(t.toString(), t); } } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e); } }
我们再进去getProxyClass0方法看一下:
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/** * Generate a proxy class. Must call the checkProxyAccess method * to perform permission checks before calling this. */ private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>... interfaces) { if (interfaces.length > 65535) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded"); } // If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing // the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy; // otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces); }
真相还是没有来到,继续,看一下 proxyClassCache
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/** * a cache of proxy classes */ private static final WeakCache<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>> proxyClassCache = new WeakCache<>(new KeyFactory(), new ProxyClassFactory());
/** * Look-up the value through the cache. This always evaluates the * {@code subKeyFactory} function and optionally evaluates * {@code valueFactory} function if there is no entry in the cache for given * pair of (key, subKey) or the entry has already been cleared. * * @param key possibly null key * @param parameter parameter used together with key to create sub-key and * value (should not be null) * @return the cached value (never null) * @throws NullPointerException if {@code parameter} passed in or * {@code sub-key} calculated by * {@code subKeyFactory} or {@code value} * calculated by {@code valueFactory} is null. */ public V get(K key, P parameter) { Objects.requireNonNull(parameter); expungeStaleEntries(); Object cacheKey = CacheKey.valueOf(key, refQueue); // lazily install the 2nd level valuesMap for the particular cacheKey ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> valuesMap = map.get(cacheKey); if (valuesMap == null) { //putIfAbsent这个方法在key不存在的时候加入一个值,如果key存在就不放入 ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> oldValuesMap = map.putIfAbsent(cacheKey,valuesMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>()); if (oldValuesMap != null) { valuesMap = oldValuesMap; } } // create subKey and retrieve the possible Supplier<V> stored by that // subKey from valuesMap Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter)); Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey); Factory factory = null; while (true) { if (supplier != null) { // supplier might be a Factory or a CacheValue<V> instance V value = supplier.get(); if (value != null) { return value; } } // else no supplier in cache // or a supplier that returned null (could be a cleared CacheValue // or a Factory that wasn't successful in installing the CacheValue) // lazily construct a Factory if (factory == null) { factory = new Factory(key, parameter, subKey, valuesMap); } if (supplier == null) { supplier = valuesMap.putIfAbsent(subKey, factory); if (supplier == null) { // successfully installed Factory supplier = factory; } // else retry with winning supplier } else { if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, supplier, factory)) { // successfully replaced // cleared CacheEntry / unsuccessful Factory // with our Factory supplier = factory; } else { // retry with current supplier supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey); } } } }
public synchronized V get() { // serialize access // re-check Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey); if (supplier != this) { // something changed while we were waiting: // might be that we were replaced by a CacheValue // or were removed because of failure -> // return null to signal WeakCache.get() to retry // the loop return null; } // else still us (supplier == this) // create new value V value = null; try { value = Objects.requireNonNull(valueFactory.apply(key, parameter)); } finally { if (value == null) { // remove us on failure valuesMap.remove(subKey, this); } } // the only path to reach here is with non-null value assert value != null; // wrap value with CacheValue (WeakReference) CacheValue<V> cacheValue = new CacheValue<>(value); // try replacing us with CacheValue (this should always succeed) if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, this, cacheValue)) { // put also in reverseMap reverseMap.put(cacheValue, Boolean.TRUE); } else { throw new AssertionError("Should not reach here"); } // successfully replaced us with new CacheValue -> return the value // wrapped by it return value; } }
/** * A factory function that generates, defines and returns the proxy class given * the ClassLoader and array of interfaces. */ private static final class ProxyClassFactory implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>> { // prefix for all proxy class names private static final String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy"; // next number to use for generation of unique proxy class names private static final AtomicLong nextUniqueNumber = new AtomicLong(); @Override public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) { Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length); for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) { /* * Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this * interface to the same Class object. */ Class<?> interfaceClass = null; try { interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { } if (interfaceClass != intf) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( intf + " is not visible from class loader"); } /* * Verify that the Class object actually represents an * interface. */ if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface"); } /* * Verify that this interface is not a duplicate. */ if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName()); } } String proxyPkg = null; // package to define proxy class in int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL; /* * Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the * proxy class will be defined in the same package. Verify that * all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package. */ for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) { int flags = intf.getModifiers(); if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) { accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL; String name = intf.getName(); int n = name.lastIndexOf('.'); String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1)); if (proxyPkg == null) { proxyPkg = pkg; } else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "non-public interfaces from different packages"); } } } if (proxyPkg == null) { // if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + "."; } /* * Choose a name for the proxy class to generate. */ long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement(); String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num; /* * Generate the specified proxy class. */ byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass( proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags); try { return defineClass0(loader, proxyName, proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length); } catch (ClassFormatError e) { /* * A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the * proxy class generation code) there was some other * invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy * class creation (such as virtual machine limitations * exceeded). */ throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString()); } } }
namespace EventDelegateTest { public class TestClass { public delegate int delegateAction(); public event delegateAction OnActionEvent; public delegateAction daNew; } }
编译代码后,使用 Visual Studio 2010自带的ILDASM.EXE:
打开该dll,可以看到如下信息:
从上图可以看出如下几点信息:
1、delegate
委托 public delegate int delegateAction();在IL中是以类(delegateAction)的形式存在的 .NET将委托定义为一个密封类,派生自基类System.MulticastDelegate,并继承了基类的三个方法:
2、event
public event delegateAction OnActionEvent;在IL中不仅仅对应event OnActionEvent而且还对应一个field OnActionEvent;而field OnActionEvent与 public delegateAction daNew生成的field daNew是一样的.